When you take a rainforest tour on Vancouver Island, it’s hard to take your eyes off the giant mossy trees glowing like stained glass in nature’s cathedral. Some of the tallest stretch over 90 meters, while others measure as much as 20 meters in circumference. At more than 1000 years old, the oldest are impressive to be sure. But don’t get a kink in your neck by focussing only on the trees. You might miss the amazing diversity of plants and animals the old growth pacific temperate rainforest has to offer.
Even with your eyes closed there is a humid, fragrant coolness that enables the mosses and lichens clinging to the tree branches to grow so well. Multiple canopy layers, forest openings with berries and other pioneer species, dead standing trees with holes for owls, bats, squirrels, and nut hatches are just a few of the highlights.
For wildflowers, April and May are great times to see what’s flourishing in the ancient rainforest. Coral root and Calypso orchids, trilliums, wild cherry, elderberry and salmon berry are some of the flowers that you can find in the spring. Starting in June and lasting into September, you also can taste the wonderful parade of berries that result from this profusion of flowers. (Be sure to take along a field guide or an expert to avoid any poisonous plants.) There are some very tasty and nutritious plants like stinging nettle (cooked) and many medicinal ones as well.
If you slow down and look down…way down under the slabs of bark in the summer you will see a menagerie of colourful critters. The black and yellow millipede gives off a cherry smell when handled. While the faint whiff of cyanide is harmless to humans, it would prove deadly to others its size that chose to mess with it. Then there are the giant hermaphroditic banana slugs, which get to be 25cm long. Their slime has a natural anaesthetic if you happen to get a toothache while lost in the forest. The delicate and secretive red backed salamanders live their entire lives in rotten logs. In fact there are over 92 species of animals, insects, and birds using dead trees in the forest.
In April the forests fill with spring bird song, especially in the early morning and you can watch many species that prefer older forests such as varied thrushes, brown creepers and pileated woodpeckers. If you’re lucky and around at dawn or dusk you may hear or see a western screech owl, northern saw-whet owl or northern-pygmy owl. Bird watching in rain forests with trees that stretch higher than 20 stories presents its challenges. It is helpful to have a scope with an angled eyepiece or lie on your back with binoculars to save your neck. Many species can also be called down to more visible levels with their own call or a ‘psss’ sound. There are some excellent recordings of bird calls of Vancouver Island by John Neville which greatly assist in identifying these phantoms that flit about high in the tree canopy.
The mild climate on Vancouver Island means that you can experience the rainforest wonders all year. The wet season begins gradually sparking a techni-colour explosion of mushrooms in September and October. November brings the torrential rains that produce such fantastic growth and bring out the many shades of vibrant green in the mosses reconstituting from a dry summer. Mist, fog and rain bring a whole new atmosphere and photographic opportunities.
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When the phone rings at five o’clock in the morning it’s usually a bad sign. I answered the phone to find out my mother was in the hospital and I needed to take an emergency trip out of state. I scrambled to make arrangements for my older children while I would be gone. Then I hurriedly packed my suitcase with a few items of clothing for my baby and myself and drove 7 hours to get to the hospital.
What I thought would only be a few days visit, ended up being much longer. Guess what? I did not bring enough clothes and the clothes I brought were pretty strange looking. As a 6’1″ tall woman, I prefer to shop online as I can find exactly what I need easily and hassle-free. In my desperation I ventured into the mall to find a few shirts. Luckily I had actually brought some decent tall pants, but I needed a few tops. Here is how I survived shopping in a mall where women’s tall sizes are extinct.
I ventured into a department store and immediately tried to find a tall salesperson to assist me in finding some clothing as I figured they would understand how best to help me find clothing that fits my tall stature. To my dismay I could not find anyone tall working there. I quickly scanned the area for the sharpest dressed saleswoman. Yes, I was judmental, but I wanted to find someone that was up on the current trends. I finally found one that was extremely helpful.
I explained to her that I needed some tops in longer lengths. She found some great options for me and I even ended up with a few 3/4th sleeves jackets that were really cute over my longer tunics and shirts. As this store did not have tall sizes it took quite a bit of searching to find what I was looking for. Had I not been aided by a friendly salesperson that was familiar with the store, it would have been a nightmare.
I made sure I had an open mind, as some of the items suggested did not look too great on the hanger, but I loved them once I tried them on. I was also able to educate the woman as to what looks great on tall women as she kept handing me small printed shirts and I was able to explain that tall women need to keep everything in proportion to their size- meaning bigger patterns and stripes etc. I tried on many clothing items as I didn’t want to waste my money on things that didn’t fit my tall body and that I would never wear again. I ended up getting some great taller length clothing items. I was pleasantly surprised that what could have been a shopping fiasco turned into a fun experience.
Although I still prefer to buy tall sizes and I have my favorite tall stores to shop in, thanks to the help of a great saleswoman, I was able to survive my shopping trip to the mall.
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This is the one topic that I believe we all can relate on. There are, of course, those among us that have found a coping mechanism to deal with feeling different, but at the end of the day we all have battled with feeling unique.
Being unique would not disturb many people if others during their childhood, usually, did not make them feel small or insignificant because of being unique. I won’t cast the blame all on childhood memories, but we do need to understand how we feel about ourselves, is, an indirect result, of how we were treated during our most impressionable years.
If you were insulted as a kid it probably, all things considered, would have a greater impact on your psyche than if you were thirty years old and someone called you “ugly” or any other undesirable term. That is because as children repetition has not built up yet. So, with that said, if someone makes a negative remark it sticks much closer, grime and all. When we are older we understand that “people will be people,” so we can shrug a disparaging comment off with greater ease. As a kid, when first impressions seem to mean the world to us it isn’t always that easy.
As a kid I dealt with feeling short. I was shorter than my brothers; for most of my life even my twin. With all the emphasis placed on height, being tall (or looking tall) seemed so important. Women, afterall, could be cruel with remarks such as: Shorty, Midget, Short Stuff, etc. It seemed I had no repreieve. Nowadays, I understand that kids were just being kids. Certainly, most of them weren’t saying it in a mean-spirit (maybe some were) it was just my own personal insecurity which compounded the remark. Which made it worse.
Sometimes we do look at others and say they have it made, they may be tall, have great eloquence, know how to handle relationships, stay out of debt etc., but all the time not knowing that they, in some way, believe it or not, are observing a strength in your life and really admiring that. See, there are two types of people, people who are very aware of their own shortcomings and have a heart for those that do, too; and there are some people that have shortcomings but to mask theirs, tear others down.
Most people are very aware of their own failings, and find it hard to be too critical of others. What you may perceive as a ‘weakness’ may not be thought of in the same was as someone else. As one of the few African-American students in pretty much all of my classes, it was easy to feel uneasy whenever I raised my hand to answer a question, or was called on for my ‘expert’ opinion on sensitive discussions, because, in a sense, you might feel like you have no support. That whatever your answer was, somehow you were the spokesman and speaking on behalf of everyone that was the same color and hue as you.
How to get over feeling different is very much psychological. Since we live from the inside out (not the outside-in) it starts with positive confession. We believe much of the junk that is crammed down our throats, and ears everyday so it should be a cinch to, in reverse, play positive feedback into us, which would change how we feel about ourselves on the inside. Until you do that there can be no consistent change on the outside. Sure, you can shop to you drop, diet, add muscle to your oblique, while that is all nice it’s not changing who you are as a person. Merely substituting the person you are.
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This is one of my favorite flowering vines to grow. These annuals come in a variety of colors such as white, different shade of pinks, different reds, different shades of purple and of course my favorite blue. These beautiful vining plants can grow up to twenty feet tall.
Okay lets get ready to plant. First thing, plant your morning glories no more then a week before you areas last frost. And to get a jump on the germination you can soak your seed in warm water for up to a day before planting. But don’t worry about pricking the seed or cutting them open, I find this to be a waste of time. Plus it is really hard to hang on to those seed and prick it at the same time.
Now let’s choose our location. You want to have a place where there is full sun and well drained soil. Working a spade full of compost into the soil is a good idea at this point. Now plant your seeds about an inch below the surface and it is advised that you plant more then one seed in each location to insure growth. You can always thin the plants once they reach a height of at least an inch tall.
Now morning glories need support and the height of the supports is determined by the variety of morning glory that you choose to plant. So just take a second to look at your seed package and see what the ultimate height will be.
As your plants grow you may have to wrap the vine. gently around the support. After that the vines should climb up their supports. Just make sure to water them when they are dry but be careful not to over water your morning glories or they will not flower. Once the growing season is over the vines will turn brown. When this happens just take them off their supports. Sometimes you have to cut them down. Now place them in your compost bin and wait to start it all over again next year.
Just a quick guide to where these plants really show their stuff. I have found that on a garden trellis in you flower garden or on some support near a walkway is a great way to show off these awesome flowers. Also if you are feeling daring try to collect the seed from your morning glories for the next growing season just make sure that the bloom dies off. Now wait a few weeks and where that bloom was will be a dry pod. If you remove that pod and break it open you will find the seed you need for the next year or to give to your friends because you will end up with way more seeds then one person really needs.
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The Tiger Lily is botanically Lilium Lancifolium or Lilium Tigrinum. It is a very tall late summer blooming bulb with somewhat globe-shaped flowers that face downward. The stalks, sometimes getting up to 6 feet tall, have long, narrow, stiff, dark green leaves growing all up the stems very much like its cousins the Madonna, Asiatic, Oriental and Easter Lily. Tiny black dots start to grow where the leaves connect with the stalk soon after the flowers buds appear. Some call these seeds but they are truly tiny bulblets and when these drop they promptly root on the surrounding ground to extend the colony of Lilies. These can be collected, of course, and planted wherever you like but be certain to plant them immediately as they dry out quickly and then are no longer viable.
The Tiger Lily does best in humus rich, well draining soil and prefers to have their roots shaded and cool. A thick mulch will accomplish this nicely. The flowering tops like dappled shade but can tolerate full sun quite well when given plenty of water. Their roots must never dry out. The Tiger Lily is an extremely hardy plant growing in zones 3-8. The flowers are 4 inches wide with six long petals which curve completely back to touch the base and to reveal the spotting all along the petals. These beautiful flowers have 6-8 long, protruding stamens of the same color tipped with a bit of bright yellow. The only thing lacking is a fragrance.
The blossom’s traditional color is orange with dark brown, black or purplish spots, just like the colors of a tiger, although there have been cultivars recently developed in white, cream, yellow, pink and red all with the distinctive spots. The spots is where they get their funny name. Yes, I know exactly what you’re thinking. Leopards have spots and Tigers have stripes. Therefore the flowers should be called Leopard Lilies but neither one of us were there to name them back in the day so we are stuck with the ridiculous name of Tiger Lily.
Regardless of what they are called the Tiger Lily makes a wonderful addition to the back of a perennial border, in a cutting garden, a shrub border or to add height and interest to a butterfly or hummingbird garden. Yes, the Tiger Lily is a favorite of both the Butterfly and the Hummingbird. You will see them fluttering around them endlessly.
These plants are not to be confused with the common, orange Native Daylily or Hemerocallis Fulva which can be seen growing in huge clumps all along highways, country
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Unless there are reasons beyond a teen’s just being shorter than most kids his age, HGH should not be considered an option.
My opinion on this comes from decades of living my adult life, feeling fortunate to have barely reached a height of 5’2″. As a child, I wasn’t just “one of the short kids”. I was THE “tiniest girl in school”. At six years old I was given special vitamins because I wasn’t growing as fast as the doctor would have expected. Later, it would be become clear that I was a late bloomer. As my father walked with me into my new junior high school, kids (who thought they were being helpful) yelled, “You’re at the wrong school.” My father was a short man (5′ 6″), and an awful lot of women thought he was very handsome. My mother was the height I am now.
Thirty years after I graduated from high school I met a woman from my graduating class. When I told her I had two sons and a daughter she asked if my daughter was “tiny”, the way I had been. Other kids were known for other things in their school days. I was known for being “tiny” (freakishly tiny). It was extremely difficult for me, too, because I couldn’t easily find clothes that were what all the other kids were wearing. In those days there weren’t children’s clothes that were miniature versions of teenagers’ clothes. There were “big girls’ clothes” and “little girls’ clothes”. There was a department store or two that did offer a “semi-teen” shop, so that’s where I had to get my clothes (even when I was a teen).
I hated it. I secretly worried that I may be a “midget” (that’s a term that was acceptable in those days). When, like so many other teens, I so desperately wanted to look like everyone else and look “cool”, it was impossible. I looked like a little girl. Not only did I hate being so short, but I hated being me. It didn’t stop me from having friends or enjoying a social life, and it didn’t stop me from trying to look my best, but I did hate it.
Of course, this was a time when girls who were small were seen as “feminine” or “dainty”, so even though I hated being so short there were kids who actually didn’t seem to see it as all that bad.
I wanted to at least get to be 5′ tall because, in my own mind, I believed that being that tall would mean I was not a “midget”. By the time I got my driver’s license at sixteen, I was 5′ tall. After high school graduation I finally reached the 5′ 2″.
What I learned during my teen years was that heels gave me a
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Growing Rhododendrons can be very rewarding when thew bloom for you. They produce very beautiful blooms, in a wide variety of colors on a plant that can be a few inches tall like a ground cover, to full grown trees 40 feet tall. The large dark green leaves provide a beauty to your landscape almost year round. Now for the tricky part, where, when, and how to plant these hardy plants.
The first thing you would want to do is make sure that a Rhododendron is going to be happy where You live, and where on Your property that you plant it. Rhody’s as i will refer to them for the rest of this article, are a very hardy plant even in the coldest climates you should be able to enjoy some variety.The best climates are Western Washington and other areas where the temperature range is approximately 20 degrees to 80 degrees Fahrenheit, with a relative humidity below 65% are the best conditions for these plants. So you will want to figure out what your climate conditions are, Rhody’s being more of a northern plant, but do not worry if You live in a warmer more humid climate. You can get the Rhody’s cousin the Azalea which look very similar.
Alright now that we have decided that our climate is suitable for our Rhody’s, let us decide where to plant them and what size of a plant we should get.
We will start with soil and shade conditions. Rhody’s due best, and produce better blooms in a slightly shaded to almost full shade condition. They like moist but well drained soil. They require an acid soil, which makes them great buddies with the with the Conifer Trees, such as the Douglas Fir, and Western Red Cedar. Underneath and around these trees are one of the best areas to plant Your Rhody’s, they will be in acidic soil and shade. You can also produce an acidic soil, if you want to plant them around your house, and other such places.
Now that we now what kind of soil. We need to know about water. Rhody’s like a lot of water, but they do not like to stand in it. They love well drained soil that gets a lot of rain or watering. Rhody’s have a very shallow root system and benefit from a good mulch, Douglas Fir, or Western Red Cedar bark make a superior mulch for your Rhody’s. Now that we now these things all that is left to do is pick the type of Rhody’s we like.
Picking our Rhody’s is a personal thing, We should have a fairly wide selection at our local Nursery or Home and Garden Store. The main thing we want to keep in mind is the mature size of the plants that we pick,
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Dogs are considered to be a man’s best companion. And they are available in different forms. So from the widely available types of dog breeds you can choose upon the companion of your life.
The different types of dog breeds are:
1. Affenpinscher: This dog breed is very alert, friendly and intelligent. They are very easy to train and like all dogs they are very loyal. Unlike most of the pets, they are quite tolerant towards the other pets. They are 9-11.5 inches in height and weigh around 7-8 lbs. Generally they are available in black color, but are also available in tan and brown color. They have coarse and swirling fur. This dog breed a little extra exercising, so taking him on quick short walks at least three times a day is necessary.
2. American Bulldog: It is the most athletic and powerful dog of all the breeds. They have a sturdy bone frame and the muscles are also quite very strong. Because of this they are strong, alert, fearless and have great endurance. In this specie, the male and the female have distinct heights. The height of a general male is 22-28” and the female is 20-26”. Their weight also differs. A typical male weighs around 70-120 lbs and the female is 60-100 lbs. They are available in a wide range of colors, from white to brown, from tan to red. These dogs have good memory therefore can retain the training given to them. They can become very aggressive at times. They need to exercise properly to stay active.
3. Australian Shepherd: This is a breed of very loyal and alert dog. They are a little shy among the strangers. But they are very easy to train and are intelligent. The males are 20-23” inches long and weigh 50-65 lbs whereas the females are 18-21” and weigh 40-55 lbs. They come mostly in red, black colors with white marks. This breed of dog needs a lot of exercising.
4. Boxer: These dogs are very playful and fun loving. They are patient and friendly. They are the only types of dogs who can express their emotions through their twinkling eyes. They are even friendly towards the other animals. The males weigh around 65-80 lbs and are 22.5-25” tall. Their female counterparts are 50-65 lbs and are 21-23.3” tall. They are mostly available in fawn color. They need a rough exercising routine to stay fit.
5. Dalmation: They are most well behaved and polite of all the dogs. They are very sociable. This friendly breed of dog is born pure white but in the later stages of their life they develop black spots on their body. They weigh something between 40-60 lbs and are 19-23” tall.
6. German Shepherd: They are very noble in character and appearance. It is one of the most courageous dogs and have considerably good senses. The males are 24-26” tall whereas the females are 22-24”. Both of them weigh 75-95 lbs. They usually come in black or Grey color with some brown marks. They are a regular exercising lover.
7. Pomeranian: They are the tiniest but the bravest of the dogs. It is one of the excellent watchdogs. They are very easy to train and can retain everything that is taught to them. They are 3-7 lbs in weight and are 8-11” tall. These dogs are available in almost all tangible colors.
Knowing your type of dog, you can get home your companion now.
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What wedding headpiece should I pick to compliment my bridal gown, or what wedding headpiece should I choose that will suit my hairstyle – are two of the most common questions that a bride asks for advice on. Every bride wants to look beautiful on her wedding day and fears the wrong choice will spoil the look of the whole wedding attire.
Mistakes in getting it wrong need not happen and can be avoided with careful planning. This is a time where nearly every future bride will have her head in the clouds so as to speak e.g. excited, worried or even contemplating calling off the marriage due to her inability to concentrate on making a decision on what wedding headpiece to wear.
In today`s society wedding headpieces run the scope from the traditional veil to the simple wedding skullcap, headband or glittering jewelled tiara. Choosing the ideal head wear will depend on the style and design of your wedding dress. When trying on headpieces in a bridal salon make sure you have the wedding dress on and try to have your hair styled in the way you intend on wearing it – when you walk down the church aisle to stand alongside the bridegroom. The traditional veil can vary in length. It is best to have a friend or close member of the family with you when choosing so they can give advice on what wedding headpiece is best suited to you and your wedding dress. As the saying goes “two heads are better than one” when making decisions, but it is the brides head we are more concerned about at this time. While many brides choose not to wear a wedding veil, remember this is the only time in your life when you may ever get to wear one.
Some women look upon their wedding day as a fairytale chapter taken from a book where the bride gets to dress up like a princess, this is why the tiara is popular. What wedding headpiece aside from the tiara will make this chapter in your life look like that of a princess? Tiaras come in many designs embedded with crystals, coloured rhinestones, pearls, and other glitter gems that sparkle.
Once again depending on the colour of your bridal dress, design and material i.e. satin, lace or velvet – hair gems are another option. Hair gems are glittery pieces of head ornation glamour – fastened by a pin to sit neatly into or on top of your hair. Head decorations as such also come made of rhinestones, crystals, or semi-precious stones, if money is no object then remember diamonds are a girl’s best friend before and after her wedding. If you have paid for an expensive hairpiece gem then after the ceremony when the happy couple were pronounced husband and wife – go along to a jeweller and have him or her make the hair jewel into a ring or a pendant on a gold chain to match your wedding gold band.
Options are endless in what wedding headpiece may be best for you. You have headbands – thick or thin or combs which are usually worn to one side of the head. These can be personally decorated by you i.e. adding fresh flowers, pearls, crystals, ribbons, or even sequins to match either the flowers in your bridal bouquet or your ivory brocade wedding shoes. Hair combs can also be worn at the back of the head or close to the nape. You could consider a wreath circlet. At the end of the day whatever wedding headpiece that is to be worn will all be down to personal taste
If tradition prevails and you choose to wear a flattering veil then simplify the removal of it by making it detachable to a comb or wedding tiara so that you can place it to aside after the marriage vows have been taken. The veil is nearly always removed at the reception.
A little tip – the taller woman (bride) should wear a longer veil. A floor length veil worn by a blushing petite betrothed is not a good idea. What does the (petite and tall) bride have in common on their wedding day? No matter their size they both drink champagne from a very TALL glass. (Toast)
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Growth hormone is a protein hormone of about 190 amino acids that is synthesized and secreted by cells called somatotrophs in the anterior pituitary. It is a major participant in control of several complex physiologic processes, including growth and metabolism. Growth hormone is also of considerable interest as a drug used in both humans and animals.
Growth is a very complex process, and requires the coordinated action of several hormones. The major role of growth hormone in stimulating body growth is to stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-I. IGF-I stimulates proliferation of chondrocytes (cartilage cells), resulting in bone growth. Growth hormone does seem to have a direct effect on bone growth in stimulating differentiation of chondrocytes.
IGF-I also appears to be the key player in muscle growth. It stimulates both the differentiation and proliferation of myoblasts. It also stimulates amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in muscle and other tissues.
Growth hormone has important effects on protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. In some cases, a direct effect of growth hormone has been clearly demonstrated, in others, IGF-I is thought to be the critical mediator, and some cases it appears that both direct and indirect effects are at play.
Production of growth hormone is modulated by many factors, including stress, exercise, nutrition, sleep and growth hormone itself. However, its primary controllers are two hypothalamic hormones and one hormone from the stomach.
Growth hormone secretion is also part of a negative feedback loop involving IGF-I. High blood levels of IGF-I lead to decreased secretion of growth hormone not only by directly suppressing the somatotroph, but by stimulating release of somatostatin from the hypothalamus.
Growth hormone also feeds back to inhibit GHRH secretion and probably has a direct (autocrine) inhibitory effect on secretion from the somatotroph.
Integration of all the factors that affect growth hormone synthesis and secretion lead to a pulsatile pattern of release. Basal concentrations of growth hormone in blood are very low. In children and young adults, the most intense period of growth hormone release is shortly after the onset of deep sleep.
States of both growth hormone deficiency and excess provide very visible testaments to the role of this hormone in normal physiology. Such disorders can reflect lesions in either the hypothalamus, the pituitary or in target cells. A deficiency state can result not only from a deficiency in production of the hormone, but in the target cell’s response to the hormone.
Clinically, deficiency in growth hormone or defects in its binding to receptor are seen as growth retardation or dwarfism. The manifestation of growth hormone deficiency depends upon the age of onset of the disorder and can result from either heritable or acquired disease.
The effect of excessive secretion of growth hormone is also very dependent on the age of onset and is seen as two distinctive disorders: Giantism is the result of excessive growth hormone secretion that begins in young children or adolescents. It is a very rare disorder, usually resulting from a tumor of somatotropes. One of the most famous giants was a man named Robert Wadlow. He weighed 8.5 pounds at birth, but by 5 years of age was 105 pounds and 5 feet 4 inches tall. Robert reached an adult weight of 490 pounds and 8 feet 11 inches in height. He died at age 22. Acromegaly results from excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults. The onset of this disorder is typically insideous. Clinically, an overgrowth of bone and connective tissue leads to a change in appearance that might be described as having “coarse features”. The excessive growth hormone and IGF-I also lead to metabolic derangements, including glucose intolerance.
In years past, growth hormone purified from human cadaver pituitaries was used to treat children with severe growth retardation. More recently, the virtually unlimited supply of growth hormone produced using recombinant DNA technology has lead to several other applications to human and animal populations.
Human growth hormone is commonly used to treat children of pathologically short stature. There is concern that this practice will be extended to treatment of essentially normal children – so called “enhancement therapy” or growth hormone on demand. Similarly, growth hormone has been used by some to enhance atheletic performance. Although growth hormone therapy is generally safe, it is not as safe as no therapy and does entail unpredictable health risks. Parents that request growth hormone therapy for children of essentially-normal stature are clearly misguided.
The role of growth hormone in normal aging remains poorly understood, but some of the cosmetic symptoms of aging appear to be amenable to growth hormone therapy. This is an active area of research, and additional information and recommendations about risks and benefits will undoubtedly surface in the near future.
Growth hormone is currently approved and marketed for enhancing milk production in dairy cattle. There is no doubt that administration of bovine somatotropin to lactating cows results in increased milk yield, and, depending on the way the cows are managed, can be an economically-viable therapy. However, this treatment engenders abundant controversy, even among dairy farmers. One thing that appears clear is that drinking milk from cattle treated with bovine growth hormone does not pose a risk to human health.
Another application of growth hormone in animal agriculture is treatment of growing pigs with porcine growth hormone. Such treatment has been demonstrated to significantly stimulate muscle growth and reduce deposition of fat.
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